Pesticide residues have long posed a serious threat to human health. In response, the demand for pollution-free, green, and organic vegetables has been on the rise, reflecting a growing consumer awareness of food safety. To address this, the Ministry of Agriculture has recommended substitutes for five highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides, including methamidophos, parathion, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, and phoxim. The China Pesticide Network provides an in-depth guide on alternative pesticides used for vegetable pest control.
First, for controlling aphids in vegetables, several effective options are available. Imidacloprid is recommended at 1–2 grams of active ingredient per mu; acetamiprid at 0.45–0.6 grams; pymetrozine at 5 grams; pyrethrin at 1.8 grams; and bitter alkali at 0.4 grams. Pyrethrin and bitter alkali should be applied at the early stage of infestation.
Second, for tobacco thrips, imidacloprid is suggested at 2 grams per mu, while bifenthrin is used at 0.75 grams per mu. Acetamiprid and thiamethoxam are also effective, with dosages of 2.5 grams and 4 grams respectively. These should be sprayed during the nymph stage, ideally at the beginning of the season.
Third, for leek pests such as onion thrips and root maggots, chlorpyrifos is recommended at 160 grams per mu, diluted in water and poured directly onto the roots. Diazinon is applied at 400 grams per mu as granules, mixed into the soil and watered after application. Chlorfenapyr (30 grams) and phoxim (480 grams) are also used, with similar application methods.
Fourth, for diamondback moth control, emamectin is used at 0.15–0.25 grams per mu, fipronil at 1–2 grams, chlorfenapyr at 3.35–5 grams, indoxacarb at 3 grams, and worm nitrile at 5–6 grams. These should be sprayed when larvae are in the second instar stage.
Lastly, for beet armyworms, bipropiononitrile and furose hydrazide are recommended at 5 and 6 grams per mu, respectively. Indoxacarb at 2 grams and emamectin at 0.3–0.5 grams are also effective. Tebufenozide combined with chlorpyrifos (24 grams total) is another option, especially when larvae are still young. Spraying should be done at the early stages of infestation for maximum effectiveness.
The China Pesticide Network advises using these alternatives wisely and following recommended dosages to ensure both efficacy and safety. By adopting these safer pesticide practices, farmers can reduce health risks while maintaining crop productivity.
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