Abstract On May 20th, 2016, the three executive directors (expansion) meeting of the 5th China Superhard Materials Association was held in Wuhan New Beacon International Hotel. During the meeting, Professor Wang Mingzhi of Yanshan University gave a speech on “Explore New Market Research and New Technologyâ€. This report combines...
On May 20th, 2016, the three executive directors (expansion) meeting of the 5th China Superhard Materials Association was held in Wuhan New Beacon International Hotel. During the meeting, Professor Wang Mingzhi of Yanshan University gave a speech on “Explore New Market Research and New Technologyâ€. 
1. Foreword: If you want to do something good, you must first sharpen your tools!
As a weapon, diamond tools have been around for more than 130 years!
With the development of the synthetic diamond industry in the 1960s, diamond tools have become more widely used. The great development period of diamond tools in China is after 1985. Judging from the process of development of production enterprises, most of China's enterprises are in the era of reform and opening up, from individual development, accumulating funds, gradually forming scale, and growing through mergers and acquisitions. At present, there are more than 10 listed companies related to the super-hard materials industry. Recently, Guangdong Benlang New Materials Co., Ltd. successfully listed in the third edition market. It is not that listing is the only criterion to prove the success of a company, but that the overall level of the company has reached a new level. In the following, combined with the future development trend at home and abroad, we will analyze the hot issues of the market and new technologies and new processes of super-hard materials tools and future development.
2. See the market and seize the opportunity
For investors, it is very important to recognize the general trend. If you accidentally misread the situation, you will easily fall into the investment black hole. If investors can have a vision for the future and see the future trend, they can make a profit. Entrepreneurs in our industry have long been hawkers at home, often facing domestic and international, the world! But what is the general trend of future development at home and abroad and the world?
(1). The 13th Five-Year Plan national leaders’ important speech on the 13th Five-Year Plan and the general direction for the 13th Five-Year Plan. According to reports, the “13th Five-Year Plan†for various industries such as steel, non-ferrous metals, robotics, information and communication, biomedicine, software and big data has been compiled. The manufacturing industry and its related key technologies and new materials are one of the essential contents. It is a sign that the national industry is developed! We will build a good ecological environment and rise to the height of “the growth point of people's quality of life and the strength of China's good imageâ€.
According to reports, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Environmental Protection once said that "the next 10 years is the 'dilemma' of the environment and the economy, but it is also a period of great environmental protection." China's large-scale pollution control from the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" Huaihe River pollution control and "two control areas "The beginning of the treatment of sulfur dioxide, after years of continuous pollution control, after 10 years of overall deployment, active response, and make a difference, should be able to achieve significant results.
(2). Made in China 2025
Depending on the manufacturing industry as the foundation of the country and the foundation of a strong country, the battle to revitalize the manufacturing industry will be extended, that is, 2025. Its fundamental goal is to change the situation of China's manufacturing industry that is “big but not strongâ€. Through 10 years of hard work, China has entered the ranks of manufacturing powerhouses and laid a solid foundation for building China into a manufacturing powerhouse with global leadership and influence by 2045. . A transformative force driven by "smart manufacturing" is brewing in the country, and a large wave of investment opportunities will follow. It is an opportunity for the development of the diamond industry!
The integration of informatization and industrialization is the core of promoting "Made in China 2025". The Action Plan also proposes to promote the Internet + manufacturing industry, through the integration of Internet manufacturing, to lead the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing to "digital, network, intelligent", and promote the Internet of Things + industry, cloud computing + industry, mobile Internet + industry , network crowdsourcing + industry and other modes, through the Internet and industrial fission fission, to achieve the industrial giants to the industrial powers.
Focus on the development of the top ten areas and the implementation of five key projects. The top ten areas are: the new generation of information and communication technology industry, high-end CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships, rail transit equipment, energy-saving and new energy vehicles, power equipment, new materials, biomedicine and High-performance medical equipment and agricultural machinery and equipment; five key projects include: national manufacturing innovation center construction, intelligent manufacturing, industrial strong base, green manufacturing, high-end equipment innovation.
(3). The impact of the wave of innovation New technologies are transforming and restructuring economics and commerce. This wave of new technologies includes mobile Internet, big data, O2O, industry 4.0, new energy, new materials, biotechnology, environmental protection, aerospace, military and so on. Under the impact of the new technology wave, a series of traditional industries and business models are facing new competition, thorough transformation and even total subversion. For example, if Taobao and JD will succeed, department stores and traditional businesses will fall down; if WeChat succeeds, then the three major operators will only be pipelined; if Ali and Tencent Finance succeed, then some banks will Nothing is going on; if Yu'ebao can succeed, then the traditional fund will have big problems; when the mobile payment comes out, the traditional credit card will be cancelled...
Therefore, under the impact of the wave of new technologies, the commercial society is swaying and changing. Amazon is a microcosm of representation. This example gives us a deeper understanding of what innovation means to business. Amazon's business trajectory is this: in the early years after it sold books successfully, with traffic and customers, it began selling department stores. It then invested in platform functions ahead of time, first with data, recording consumer behavior, then logistics, and finally cloud computing. It then provided excellent KDP (Kindle and Publishing Services). Amazon also took the lead in mobile shopping last year. Amazon, which overturned the bookstore and publishing industry, smashed the retail department store, hit the logistics industry, challenged IBM, the ancestor of cloud computing, and led the mobile Internet, opening the way of drone distribution. Why is Amazon so cow? Everything is due to new technologies, new economic ideas and new business models.
(4). “One Belt, One Roadâ€
The much-watched “Belt and Road†plan has begun. If 14 years ago, joining the WTO was the starting point of the last round of China's economic globalization, then the “Belt and Road†is the opening strategy that will lead China in the next 10 years. “One Belt and One Road†as a long-term strategy, it is expected that the first phase of infrastructure construction will bring orders to construction, railway equipment, power equipment and communication equipment. The second phase of trade liberalization and industrial cooperation will be delivered to the operation industry. It will increase the flow of people and things, bring long-term cooperation opportunities for energy resources exploration and development, and bring investment opportunities to clean energy such as hydropower, nuclear power and wind energy. As the most basic and best used superhard material tool, it also has a good opportunity.
(5). “AIIBâ€
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) not only consolidates the infrastructure of the economic growth engine, but also improves the efficiency of Asian capital utilization and contribution to regional development. Infrastructure investment is the foundation of economic growth, with great potential in various types of business investment, and strong growth. The first goal of the establishment of the AIIB is to invest in the construction of the “Silk Road Economic Beltâ€, one of which is the railway construction from Beijing to Baghdad. Railway construction is inseparable from superhard materials!
For these general trends that China is welcoming, it is best for investors to actively break their original ideas and follow the trend. Do not know that you have been eliminated after waiting for the flood of wealth.
3. Target products, technological innovation
2014-2015, for the superhard materials industry, is extremely difficult for two years. Many companies have experienced declines and even losses, and everyone is silent. Everyone understands that the market has certain regularity and always advances in the ups and downs. However, the time of this trough seems to be very long, and until now, it cannot be said that it has come out. The reason is because this adjustment is not only a normal market ups and downs, but is closely related to the changes in the world's big pattern, especially the development of new technologies! To use a popular saying, it is to "shuffle". Is to adjust the position, or to eliminate. Corresponding to the new technology of the big pattern is the new technical problem in the field. If you adapt to the big trend in the big pattern and innovate in the field, then you will occupy an important position in the process of shuffling, otherwise it will inevitably be eliminated. It is particularly worth mentioning that the “L†shape of the Chinese economy is the new normal. The growth rate should shift from high speed to medium speed. The development mode should shift from scale speed to quality efficiency. The economic structure adjustment should be incrementally expanded. The main driver can adjust the stock and optimize the increase. The development motivation should be driven from the input of resources such as resources and low-cost labor to innovation.
(1). Common technology for the manufacture of superhard tools 1. The selection of special abrasives has been noticed by many manufacturers at an early stage, such as element six. Thirty years ago, at that time, the De Beers Industrial Abrasives catalogue classified diamonds, cubic boron nitride and other abrasives for different purposes and presented them on their own publications and on the current Element Six website. In order to convince customers, we also provide some classic formulas for testing; now domestic scale manufacturers also subdivide all kinds of abrasives, providing users with convenience and increasing their marketing results; many manufacturers can do The user's staff advises on the selection of abrasives. This aspect is not easy, requiring sales personnel to have a high level of professionalism.
2. The special combination of the bonding agent is actually used by almost every manufacturer. In accordance with your long-term experience, using long-tested formulas, try to achieve stable, excellent performance. However, this cannot be said to be dedicated. First of all, it should be a formula designed and used specifically for a certain function, such as glass grinding wheel or concrete cutting saw blade; this is not enough, it is the use of special raw materials, especially alloy powder, mainly in the bonding agent. The material manufacturer, the metal powder provided is the basic powder of some special binders. Metal prealloyed powder is a type, preparation method and product categories are various, pre-alloyed powder prepared by atomization method, chemical coprecipitation method, electrolysis method, etc. are widely used in the industry, and currently consume the largest amount. It is a water atomized prealloyed powder. The main manufacturers include Henan Yellow River, Qinhuangdao Yahao, Beijing Antai, and Yanyan Powder. Some manufacturers have also developed functional metal powders, such as those that promote sintering and improve brittleness, such as new materials. Other manufacturers come to the door to guide users to use correctly, and use the user as a marketing tool, such as Yahoo.
3. Abrasive surface plating Abrasive surface plating is an old topic that began 30 years ago. After more than 30 years of development, now there are many plating methods and varieties, and specialized manufacturers are also developing rapidly, and each user has also benefited a lot. Diamond titanium plating is the most widely used method and variety. Since the technology was introduced 25 years ago, it has been widely used all over the world. There have been several foreign users transferred by Yanshan University, and the application effect is good. Some domestic and foreign manufacturers have stolen this technology for counterfeiting, but there are certain problems at their core. This matter also illustrates the value of this technology from another perspective. Now, some users say that diamond is so cheap, is it not to be plated? actually not. Because the surface of the abrasive is plated, it not only reduces the problem of abrasive falling off, but also protects the abrasive from damage during the manufacture of the abrasive tool and the modification of the abrasive surface. In addition, nickel plating and copper plating on the surface of abrasives are also widely used. With the development of new products, such as diamond wire saws, the plating batch has expanded year by year. Recently, some new varieties have emerged, such as hydrothermal nickel plating, copper plating, etc., which have the advantage of little adhesion.
Figure 3 TEM image of surface coated SiO2 and TiO2
Figure 4 Surface coated TiO2 SEM image
Figure 5 Surface high pressure hydrogen coating Ni SEM image
Figure 6 Ordered arrangement of abrasives in the sawing tool
5. Flexible processing tools mainly include wire saws, wire saws and super hard abrasive belts. With the increasing awareness of resources and environmental protection in the world, the use of wire saws has become more and more widespread. Now, in addition to electroplating and sintering wire saws, the isostatic pressing method has been adopted, which has been further improved on the basis of the original hot press sintering. The quality of the wire saw; now the brazing wire saw has been produced, which reduces the size of the wire saw's kerf, which saves the cost and increases the amount of stone material. Diamond wire saws have been widely used in the cutting of silicon materials, and have been widely used in the processing of sapphire and white gemstones. Due to the small incision of the wire saw and the flexible use of features, it can be considered that as the technology matures, there will be more and more applications. Superhard material abrasive belt is one of the flexible processing tools, and its key technology is sand planting and sand fixing. These two techniques may determine whether the belt is available and of good quality. 6.3D printing technology 3D printing technology has just started, and attempts are also made in superhard tools. In particular, the manufacture of some special-shaped abrasive tools will also show their talents. As a revolutionary new additive manufacturing technology, 3D printing still has the difficulty in restricting its technological development. The most mature and convenient is the polymer material, followed by the metal material, but the metal-based 3D printing powder material is basically imported by the country. The most difficult thing is ceramic materials, and it is still a worldwide problem. It is necessary to break through the application and promotion of 3D printing technology in the metal field, and develop various types of metal-based powders that meet the requirements of 3D printing technology. The milling technology and complete milling equipment are the core. High-pressure argon gas atomization, coaxial jet water-gas combined atomization, plasma rotating electrode atomization, plasma torch atomization, flawless electrode induction melting gas atomization and other milling technologies and equipment are metal-based 3D printing powder materials development The key to the integrated rapid additive manufacturing system that integrates the milling system and the 3D printing system is also an inevitable trend in the future development of the metal-based 3D printing industry. In fact, 20 years ago, I proposed the problem of making diamond sandpaper by plane printing. I only imagined that because of my limited knowledge, I could not test it.
(2). Technical innovation of super-hard materials products According to relevant statistics (in brief analysis of the economic operation of super-hard materials industry in 2014), in recent years, in China, the products of super-hard materials are mainly exported to the primary products, such as various types of diamond saw blades. Ordinary drill bits, ordinary grinding wheels and grinding discs, etc., the price is very low; while the super-hard tool blanks (PDC, PcBN, etc.) with high added value, deep oil drill bit PDC, high-precision diamond correction tools and precision super-hard grinding wheels are mainly relied on import. The ultra-hard materials industry in China has been plunged into a "big but not strong" dilemma. In addition to the disorderly and vicious competition in the domestic industry, the overall economic environment has fallen into a trough, profits have fallen sharply, product competition is weak, and some enterprises are in dire straits. In order to change this situation, production companies must strengthen management, and thoroughly improve their production and operation strategies, refine product categories, prefer high value-added products, high technology thresholds, and increase product market competitiveness.
1. Actively develop new technologies to address the current economic downturn at home and abroad. Many manufacturers with strength and long-term vision use this unfavorable time period to research and introduce new technologies. This is a good thing. Many products will do the best and make the quality to a new level.
2. It is important to seek high value-added products. The so-called high value-added products are actually products with high technical thresholds. Some related technologies are monopolized by foreign countries, resulting in high profits. In order to produce high value-added products, we must first overcome the technical barriers. These products are mainly concentrated in deep hole drilling tools, superhard material tools, diamond dressing tools, diamond wire drawing dies, super hard materials super fine grinding tools and IT industry special cutting and drilling tools.
Diamond deep hole drilling tools are inseparable from high quality PDC and PCD. Only a few manufacturers in China can compete with foreign products in a few varieties, and it is urgent to improve in this aspect; superhard material tools are also inseparable from high quality PDC, PCD. And PcBN. At present, most domestic manufacturers can produce rough and medium processed tool blanks, and a few manufacturers can close to foreign countries. The same is true for the wire drawing die, which is not separately stated. In terms of diamond dressing tools, it has broken through the traditional methods of sintering and electroplating. There have been brazing methods for manufacturing dressing tools, and the quality has yet to be improved. In addition, there are multi-purpose diamond wire saws, including various types of micro-tools. Incision wire saws are in urgent need of high quality products.
Large diamond single crystals for industrial applications have reached a high level, and high-quality CVD films and thick films should also be widely used.
In the future, China's manufacturing industry will be transformed into China's intellectual manufacturing. It is developing in the direction of high efficiency, environmental protection and high precision. In all fields, superhard materials will have a broader development prospect and development space. Mainly depends on how we find, how to make superhard material tools meet the requirements of modern high speed, high efficiency, high precision, environmental protection green and low cost, in line with national interests and regulations, in order to achieve high added value.
3. One of the most important conditions for manufacturing technological innovation in manufacturing equipment is manufacturing equipment. Made in China 2025, five key projects, including innovation center construction, intelligent manufacturing, industrial strong base, green manufacturing, high-end equipment innovation. Now there are several large-scale and specialized manufacturers in the industry, such as Sanmao, Jinhaiwei, etc., which have produced a variety of special equipments and special instruments for industrial testing according to the needs of the industry. These are very important. The three-D printing technology has also started, and it is recommended that the equipment manufacturers in the industry combine the characteristics of the industry products to do some work on the equipment of the three-D printing.
4. Make full use of Internet resources In the past, there has been a lot of talk about the impact of the Internet on marketing. I believe that many companies have already benefited from this work as an important means of marketing work. In fact, the Internet's larger resources also include big data, cloud computing and so on. There are a lot of things to explore in this area. The most direct is the data resources, and qualified companies can try.
4. Sharing development advice
The idea of ​​sharing has this idea a year ago. With the reform of the national science and technology system, a large number of "alliance" has been established in various fields. The purpose of the state is to guide the enterprises, enterprises, and research related enterprises to unite and develop their respective strengths, cooperation and mutual benefit, and tap the greatest potential, with the highest efficiency. Developing China's scientific and technological level, taking science and technology as the forerunner, will maximize the promotion of productivity. Our Superhard Materials Association is a platform in the field of superhard materials. It bears the responsibility of the ties between government functions and related enterprises and enterprises. It is actually a "major alliance" related to the development of this field. It represents the superhardness of China. The material industry; internally, represents the will of the government; for the government, it represents the vast number of companies in the field (whether or not members). Therefore, it is recommended that the association stand at the highest position in the field, fully understand the relevant policies of the country, communicate with the government departments, and strive for more benefits for the super-hard materials industry; introduce more relevant domestic and international economic indicators and the development of technology, Guide the development direction of enterprises and institutions, and make the entrepreneurs in this field savvy; in this era of big information, make full use of information advantages, information integration and information sharing. Establish industry conventions, standardize inspection rules, and make China's superhard materials industry develop healthily!
5. Conclusion
A closer look at the market is the basic quality of entrepreneurs, and the response is more sensitive. China's future development trend is also the mainstream of the world's development. Therefore, it is a directional issue related to the development of enterprises that understands the development trend and seeks business opportunities. We will closely follow the "13th Five-Year Plan", fully understand China Manufacturing 2025, meet the impact of the wave of innovation, look for the business opportunities of the "Belt and Road", and make good use of the "Asian Investment Bank", your business will be successful! Please keep a close eye on the top ten areas: the new generation of information and communication technology industry, high-end CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships, rail transit equipment, energy-saving and new energy vehicles, power equipment, new materials, Biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment, agricultural machinery and equipment; there are five key projects: the construction of national manufacturing innovation centers, intelligent manufacturing, industrial strong base, green manufacturing, high-end equipment innovation.
(This article is a special invitation for China Superhard Materials Network, please do not reprint.)
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