The Concept of Combining Rolling Bearings
Source: China Bearing Network | Date: February 1, 2014
Combining rolling bearings is a critical process that determines the performance and type of bearings used in mechanical systems. Proper bearing arrangement ensures smooth operation, reduces wear, and enhances the overall efficiency of the system. The layout of rolling bearings involves several key aspects, including shaft support, cooperation between bearings and other components, sealing, and improving the stiffness of the bearing system. 1. **Fixed at Both Ends (Two-Way Fixed)** This method is typically used for short shafts operating at normal temperatures where the span (L) is less than 400 mm. The shaft is constrained on both ends using a one-way fixing method. Each bearing does not experience axial force in one direction. When the shaft expands due to heat, there should be an axial clearance of approximately 0.25–0.4 mm between the bearing cap and the outer end face. It's important to consider thermal expansion and leave enough space for this movement. **Features:** - Allows bidirectional movement of the shaft. - Suitable for shafts with minimal temperature changes. **Notes:** - Ensure a gap of 0.2–0.3 mm between the bearing cap and the outer end face. 2. **One End Fixed, One End Floating** This configuration is ideal for long shafts or when high operating temperatures are involved. The thermal expansion of the shaft must be accommodated. In this setup, one bearing is fixed in both directions, while the other allows for axial movement. The floating end must ensure free movement to prevent loosening. For cylindrical roller bearings, the inner ring is usually fixed to the shaft using an elastic ring. The outer ring is fixed to the housing to allow for self-elasticity. **Features:** - One end is fully fixed; the other allows axial movement. - Commonly used for long shafts with significant temperature variations. **Examples:** - Deep groove ball bearings as floating supports require a gap between the outer ring and the housing. - Cylindrical roller bearings as floating supports have their outer rings fixed in both directions. 3. **Adjustment of Bearing Clearance** Adjusting the clearance is essential for optimal performance. Methods include: - Adjusting the thickness of the bearing cover and base. - Using screws to adjust the position of the bearing outer ring. **Pre-tightening:** Applying a controlled axial force to the bearing can improve accuracy, stiffness, and reduce vibration. This must be done carefully to avoid overloading the bearing. 4. **Bearing Assembly Orientation** Proper alignment of the bearing ensures that components such as gears and pulleys operate correctly. This helps maintain the precision and reliability of the entire system. 5. **Fit Between Bearing and Shaft/Housing** - The inner ring of the bearing fits with the shaft using the base hole system. - The outer ring fits with the housing using the base shaft system. 6. **Assembly and Disassembly of Rolling Bearings** Bearings often have a shorter lifespan than the machine itself, requiring frequent replacement. When disassembling, care must be taken not to transmit force through the rolling elements, as this can cause plastic deformation. Special tools are recommended for safe removal, and the design of the shaft assembly should allow for easy access during maintenance. These details are usually provided in bearing manuals.
**Related Bearing Knowledge** - Bicycle bearings, drive components, and cleaning methods - NTN cylindrical bore bearing installation techniques - Common quality issues in bearing parts after heat treatment - Classification of rolling bearings based on size and heating devices This article was originally published on China Bearing Network. For more information, visit: [China Bearing Network](http://) Previous: Analysis and Handling of Vibration Causes in Turbine Transmission Next: Differences Between NTN Bearings and Normal Bearings
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