NASA plans a more advanced telescope - X-ray imaging polarization detector

In Earth orbit, the space telescope under the jurisdiction of NASA is the world's largest and most advanced in performance, covering almost all of the observation bands. In 2018, NASA will launch the most advanced space telescope to date, the James Webb Telescope, an infrared observatory. However, NASA is planning a more advanced telescope, the main working band is X-ray, named X-ray imaging polarization detector, has been shortlisted for three programs, is expected to launch at the end of 2020, will As the main force in X-ray astronomical observation.

The three finalists are currently at the top of X-ray observations, such as the SPHEREX telescope from the California Institute of Technology, the IXPE program from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, and the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. PRAXyS program. Each scientific team will receive $1 million in funding, and NASA will conduct an 11-month mission concept study. The concept research program is expected to be announced in early 2017, with a scientific instrument budget of $125 million for spacecraft and a $50 million launch fee.

The two main targets of IXPE and PRAXyS are high-energy events in the universe, such as stellar factories and post-mortem scenarios, which produce powerful X-ray signals. In addition, scientists hope to collect X-ray signals around black holes, ultra-dense neutron stars, star explosions, and X-ray signals from the central core of distant galaxies. IXPE uses X-ray polarization technology to study major celestial bodies such as neutron stars, pulse nebula, stars, and black holes, in line with NASA's mission requirements.

The PRAXyS program uses a different approach to X-ray astronomy. The principal investigator of the PRAXyS mission, Keith, believes that the PRAXyS solution is similar to the GEMS Gravitational and Extreme Magnetic Field Research Project, which was cancelled by NASA in 2012. The SPHEREX mission concept will scan the sky for at least two years and also observe gravitational waves in the universe. In addition, the SPHEREX task can also study the early stages of the evolution of some stellar systems, such as whether ice exists around the stars.

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