Seamless tubes are long steel products with a hollow cross-section and no visible joints. Globally, over 5,100 factories operated by more than 1,850 companies across 110 countries produce seamless pipes, with over 260 of these factories currently in operation under 170 companies in 44 different nations.
The specifications for seamless tubes typically range from 6 to 1,240 mm in diameter and 1 to 200 mm in wall thickness. The manufacturing process includes hot rolling, cold drawing, and thermal expansion methods. Different standards define the use and material composition of seamless tubes based on their application.
GB/T 8162-1999 covers structural seamless tubes, mainly used for general mechanical and structural purposes. Common materials include carbon steels like 20# and 45#, as well as alloy steels such as Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, and 42CrMo.
GB/T 8163-1999 is for fluid transmission seamless tubes, often used in pipelines and large-scale equipment. Materials like 20# and Q345 are commonly used.
GB 3087-1999 refers to low- and medium-pressure boiler seamless tubes, suitable for industrial and domestic boilers. Typical materials include 10# and 20# steel.
GB 5310-1995 is for high-pressure boiler tubes, used in power plants and nuclear facilities for high-temperature and high-pressure fluid transport. Materials like 20G, 12Cr1MoVG, and 15CrMoG are standard.
GB 5312-1999 is for marine-grade seamless tubes made from carbon-manganese steel, used in ship boilers and superheaters. Common grades include 360, 410, and 460.
GB 1479-2000 is for high-pressure fertilizer equipment tubes, used in chemical plants for high-temperature and high-pressure applications. Materials like 20#, 16Mn, 12CrMo, and 12Cr2Mo are typical.
GB 9948-1988 is for petroleum cracking tubes, used in heat exchangers and pipelines in oil refineries. Materials such as 20#, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, and 1Cr19Ni11Nb are common.
GB 18248-2000 is for various gas and hydraulic cylinders. Materials like 37Mn, 34Mn2V, and 35CrMo are often used.
GB/T 17396-1998 is for hydraulic props, used in coal mine supports and hydraulic systems. Common materials include 20#, 45#, and 27SiMn.
GB 3093-1986 is for high-pressure diesel engine oil tubes, usually cold-drawn. Material 20A is commonly used.
GB/T 3639-1983 is for precision cold-drawn or rolled seamless tubes, used where high dimensional accuracy and surface finish are required. Materials like 20# and 45# are standard.
GB/T 3094-1986 is for shaped seamless tubes used in structural components. Materials include high-quality carbon steels and low-alloy steels.
GB/T 8713-1988 is for precision inner diameter tubes used in hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders. Materials like 20# and 45# are often used.
GB 13296-1991 is for stainless steel tubes used in boilers, heat exchangers, and chemical plants. Materials such as 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti are common.
GB/T 14975-1994 is for thick-walled structural tubes used in chemical and industrial applications. Materials like 0-3Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, and 1Cr18Ni9Ti are typical.
GB/T 14976-1994 is for precision tubes used in corrosive environments. Materials like 0Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, and 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 are commonly used.
YB/T 5035-1993 is for automotive axle bushing tubes, used in car axles and drive shafts. Materials such as 45#, 45Mn2, 40Cr, and 20CrNi3A are standard.
When distinguishing between seamless pipes, it's important to consider their intended purpose, dimensions, and material properties. Common methods include checking specifications, material grades, and production processes to ensure the right choice for each application.
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