Agricultural submersible pumps are essential tools for irrigation and drainage in rural areas, especially during the summer planting season. However, these pumps are prone to various malfunctions during operation, which can lead to reduced pumping efficiency or complete failure. To ensure continuous operation, it is crucial to promptly diagnose and repair any issues that arise. With years of experience in pump maintenance, Skywave Pump has developed effective solutions to help farmers avoid equipment failures and maintain safe, stable pump performance.
When a submersible pump fails to start, the first step is to check the power supply. Ensure that all connections are secure, switches are functioning properly, and fuses are intact. Also, verify that the three-phase power supply is balanced and within the acceptable range of +10% to -5% of the rated voltage. If there is an open circuit, poor contact, blown fuse, or phase loss, identify the issue and make the necessary repairs.
Next, inspect the mechanical components of the pump. Common problems include overly tight packing, debris clogging the impeller, or rusted parts such as the shaft, bearings, or leakage ring. In some cases, the pump shaft may be bent. To resolve these issues, loosen the packing, clear the debris, and clean or replace damaged parts. If the shaft is bent, it should be straightened or replaced to restore proper function.
Overheating of the motor is another common problem, and it can be caused by several factors. First, electrical issues such as high or low voltage, unbalanced three-phase power, or phase loss can cause the motor to overheat. It’s important to install phase-loss protection, as more than 85% of motor failures in agriculture are due to this issue.
Second, improper pump selection or overload operation can also lead to overheating. If the pump is undersized for the task, it will work harder than intended, causing excessive heat. Frequent starts can also stress the motor, so it's advisable to limit startup frequency and use proper thermal protection.
Third, internal motor problems such as incorrect wiring (e.g., connecting a delta configuration as a star), short circuits in the windings, or a faulty rotor can result in overheating. Additionally, poor ventilation or worn bearings can cause the motor to run hot. Always check the fan’s condition, direction, and airflow, and ensure that the bearings are in good working order.
Lastly, environmental factors like high ambient temperatures, moisture, or dirt on the motor windings can contribute to overheating. Regularly measure the insulation resistance, clean and dry the motor if needed, and consider shading or cooling systems if the temperature exceeds 35°C.
Important note: Electrical faults should only be handled by qualified electricians. Do not attempt repairs yourself unless you have the proper training, as this can pose serious safety risks. By following these maintenance and troubleshooting steps, you can extend the life of your agricultural submersible pump and ensure reliable performance when it matters most.
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