Acidic soils are characterized by "acid" (pH below 6), "skinny" (low-acting nutrients, less than 1.5% organic matter, severely deficient in available phosphorus), "sticky" (earth weight, poor tillage) "deep" (The earth color is mostly red, yellow, purple). Planting crops on these soils is not easy to seedling, often forming dead seedlings and old seedlings, and the yield is low quality. The improved fertilization method is:
1. Increase the application of farmyard manure and cultivate soil fertility
Before the crops are planted, the base fertilizer must be applied, and the farmyard manure is mainly used to increase the organic matter in the soil, improve the soil permeability, promote the rhizosphere microbial activities, and urge the insoluble mineral elements in the soil to become the nutrients. To achieve the effect of improving ploughing and fertility, as well as improving yield and increasing efficiency.
Second, planting acid-tolerant crops
The acid-tolerant crops include mung bean, red ru, rape, buckwheat, red orchid grass and rice. Through soil preparation, fertilization and management, the soil is activated, the plough layer is deepened, the acidity is adjusted, and the crop is well grown.
Third, the implementation of water and drought rotation, improve physical and chemical properties
Practice has proved that the application of water and drought rotation (2 years - 3 years - exchange) in acid soil can not only improve soil ploughing and physical and chemical properties, but also effectively eliminate weeds and pests, and at the same time facilitate the accumulation of organic matter and improve the overall benefit per unit area. . In general, the rotation of the field is more than 20% more than the rotation of the field.
4. Add lime at the right time and directionally improve it.
When the acid field is in the soil preparation, 40 kg of lime is applied in the first year, 20 kg is applied in the second year, and 10 kg is applied in the third year until it becomes slightly acidic or neutral. This method is a key measure to improve the acid soil.
V. Improve cultivation techniques to prevent soil erosion
In the cultivation, the film is applied after sowing, and after the rain, it is suitable for cultivating, adjusting the multiple cropping methods (such as fertilizer-rice-rice, oil-rice-rice or wheat-melon-rice), and using alkaline fertilizers (such as ammonium bicarbonate, phosphorus). Ore powder, ammonia water).
1. Increase the application of farmyard manure and cultivate soil fertility
Before the crops are planted, the base fertilizer must be applied, and the farmyard manure is mainly used to increase the organic matter in the soil, improve the soil permeability, promote the rhizosphere microbial activities, and urge the insoluble mineral elements in the soil to become the nutrients. To achieve the effect of improving ploughing and fertility, as well as improving yield and increasing efficiency.
Second, planting acid-tolerant crops
The acid-tolerant crops include mung bean, red ru, rape, buckwheat, red orchid grass and rice. Through soil preparation, fertilization and management, the soil is activated, the plough layer is deepened, the acidity is adjusted, and the crop is well grown.
Third, the implementation of water and drought rotation, improve physical and chemical properties
Practice has proved that the application of water and drought rotation (2 years - 3 years - exchange) in acid soil can not only improve soil ploughing and physical and chemical properties, but also effectively eliminate weeds and pests, and at the same time facilitate the accumulation of organic matter and improve the overall benefit per unit area. . In general, the rotation of the field is more than 20% more than the rotation of the field.
4. Add lime at the right time and directionally improve it.
When the acid field is in the soil preparation, 40 kg of lime is applied in the first year, 20 kg is applied in the second year, and 10 kg is applied in the third year until it becomes slightly acidic or neutral. This method is a key measure to improve the acid soil.
V. Improve cultivation techniques to prevent soil erosion
In the cultivation, the film is applied after sowing, and after the rain, it is suitable for cultivating, adjusting the multiple cropping methods (such as fertilizer-rice-rice, oil-rice-rice or wheat-melon-rice), and using alkaline fertilizers (such as ammonium bicarbonate, phosphorus). Ore powder, ammonia water).
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