On November 14th, the Ministry of Commerce released a statement highlighting the growing trade competition between China and major economies like the U.S. and Europe since China joined the WTO in 2001. As trade frictions intensify, so do WTO dispute cases. China has initiated 11 lawsuits under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, primarily targeting developed members such as the U.S. and the EU, involving 11 disputes and 29 cases related to 18 disputes. Additionally, China has participated in 92 WTO disputes as a third party. This latest information from the Ministry serves as a follow-up to statements made earlier by Commerce Minister Chen Deming. During a press briefing at the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on November 10, he addressed claims suggesting that China has lost more disputes with the U.S., stating that while the U.S. has indeed won more cases, China has also won numerous victories, though they may not receive as much publicity. He noted China's recent efforts to challenge U.S. countervailing investigations on 22 categories of products, expressing confidence in winning these cases based on past outcomes where the U.S. has lost similar disputes.
This year, China has taken further action, challenging U.S. anti-subsidy laws and over 20 countervailing rulings, along with discriminatory EU subsidies affecting China’s photovoltaic industry. The Ministry emphasized that the WTO dispute settlement mechanism remains a critical tool for protecting national and industrial interests. With thorough research and preparation, China has successfully challenged protectionist measures from the U.S. and Europe through this mechanism, achieving significant victories. For instance, in the DS379 case, the WTO Appellate Body clarified key terms and ruled against U.S. anti-dumping and countervailing measures, prompting the U.S. to amend its domestic laws. Similarly, in the DS392 case concerning U.S. poultry restrictions, the expert panel upheld China's claim, leading to the repeal of U.S. legislation. Other notable victories include rulings in the DS397 case against EU fasteners and the DS422 case addressing U.S. “zeroing†practices, both of which required revisions to respective policies.
To comply with WTO obligations, the Ministry of Commerce has worked to align national laws with international standards, enhancing transparency and strengthening China’s legal framework. Despite these challenges, China respects WTO rulings and actively works toward their implementation, fostering a fairer global trading environment.
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