The pests of medicinal plants are numerous and harmful, and the prevention and control of pests is an important measure to ensure and improve the yield and quality of medicinal materials. At the turn of spring and summer, it is the most active stage of various pests. The common pests and their control methods for Chinese herbal medicine cultivation are introduced as follows:
Locust: It occurs from April to September, and the insects are severe from April to June. It spreads faster before and after the "Lixia", especially in the rainy days. It has many kinds and different shapes. The body color is yellow, green, black, brown, gray, etc. When it is harmful, it gathers on the soft and juicy parts of the leaves and stems, causing the leaves and growth points to curl up, and the growth stops. Turn yellow and dry. There are many medicinal plants that damage mites, and almost all medicinal plants are harmed by them.
Control method: thoroughly remove weeds and reduce their chances of moving in; in the occurrence period, 40% dimethoate 1000 times to 1500 times dilution or cockroach (killing lingen) 1000 times to 1500 times dilution can be used to spray, even Spray several times until it is killed.
Beetle: There are two kinds of cockroaches, such as white mites and wax mites. It usually starts in June every year. After heavy rain, it climbs from the ground and harms the stem. After July, it damages the flower shaft and the petiole; the damage is serious between August and October. The worm body attaches to the stem, the flower shaft, and the small flower shaft to absorb the juice. After the damage, the plant grows poorly, and the small flower is sallow. When it is serious, the dried flower and the small fruit dry and fall off.
Control methods: 1 In the period of pest occurrence, strengthen the inspection, and find that there are worms on the plants to kill the insects by hand; 2 After the insects in the Sanqi Garden, they are diluted 600-800 times in the young age of the scale insects. Liquid spray killing; 3 When the pest occurs seriously, spray the victim plant and the worm body with 1000 times dilution of dichlorvos, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray 3 times continuously.
Earth tiger: also known as silkworm, silkworm, mostly occurs in rainy and humid April to June. The larva feeds on the stems and leaves, biting off the tender stems, causing the lack of seedlings and ridges; when it is slightly larger, it is drilled into the soil, and it comes out at night, biting the roots and seedlings, and destroying the growth of the plants. There are many medicinal plants that are harmful, such as medlar, angelica, atractylodes, platycodon, habitat, and yam.
Control method: manure must be piled at high temperature, fully fertilized and then applied; from the end of March to the beginning of April, weeding off weeds, removing litter, eliminating wintering larvae and cockroaches; using 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to the amount of seeds % seed dressing; check the victim seedlings before sunrise, excavate and kill; when the hazard is serious, use 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 700 times solution for hole filling, or spray 90% trichlorfon 600 times solution.
Tianniu: In May, adults were unearthed, and eggs were laid in the epidermis at the upper end of the branches. The larvae first moved in the epidermis, then drilled into the xylem, foraging to the base, and after the autumn, they drilled to the base of the stem or the roots for wintering. After the plant is damaged, it gradually ages and dies, and even dies.
Control method: When the adult is unearthed, inoculate the flower pier with 80% trichlorfon 1000 times solution; in the period of spawning, spray once every 7 days to 10 days, 50% phoxim EC 600 times, or 50% phosphorus amine Emulsified oil 1500 times, several times in a row; found in the branches, cut and burned; stuffed 80% of the dichlorvos immersed cotton into the wormhole, sealed with mud, poisoned the larvae; or inserted a new wormhole with steel wire to assassinate.
Red Spider: The high temperature and dry climate from July to August is beneficial to its breeding; there are many species, small and red, and more concentrated on the back of the plant to absorb juice. The affected leaves are reddish yellow at the beginning, and when the late stage is severe, the whole leaves are dry, and the flowers and young fruits are also affected. The insect has strong fertility and many medicinal plants, such as Sanqi, Angelica, Shengdi, Clam, Safflower, Chuanxiong and so on.
Control method: The occurrence period can be sprayed with 50% chloroform sulfone 1500-fold dilution or 25% chlorpyrifos 200-300 times dilution, or 40% dimethoate 1500-fold dilution.
Hibiscus moth: From early July to early August, the larvae first plucked into the twigs. After a little larger, they turned to the thick branches and the main branches. The branches were often pierced and dark brown around them, causing breakage. The school tree died.
Control method: hang black light to trap adult insects; timely cut off the insect branches, burned intensively; spray with 90% trichlorfon 800 times, once every 7 days, for 3 times.
Heartworm: It is propagated from 4th to 5th generations throughout the year, and it is harmed by larvae drilling into leaves, roots, stems and flower buds of plants; it seriously affects yield and quality.
Control method: In the adult period, choose the windless night to use the light to trap; the egg stage and the larvae are hatched at the end of the plant before using the 90% trichlorfon 500 times or 40% omethoate EC 3000 times.
The thorn moth: also known as itch and spicy, occurs from early June to September, killing the leaves with larvae and biting into holes. The larvae of the early age are grouped, and when the damage is serious, the saplings can be killed. Moths have phototaxis.
Control method: winter and spring to knock on the insects; spray spore content of 10 billion / gram of blue worm powder 500 times solution.
Huang Shougu: Harm the leaves, young shoots and roots. The larva damages the roots in the soil, causing the underground part of the plant to die; the adult bites the leaves and affects growth.
Control method: When the adults lay eggs in May, use 5 kg of chaff and wood chips, mix 0.5 kg of diesel oil, spread around the plants to prevent adult eggs from spawning; artificially kill adult insects in the morning, when the adults are harmful, they can spray 90% of the enemy. Hundreds of 1000 times to 2000 times dilution or 80% dichlorvos 1000 times to 1500 times.
蛴螬: The southern alias is the old female worm, the northern name is the walnut worm, and the adult is called the chafer. Adults and larvae can be harmful, and larvae are the most serious. Larvae are common underground pests, mainly biting roots and underground stems, and also biting on the ground stems. Adults mainly damage the aerial parts. There are many medicinal plants endangered by this insect, such as Ophiopogon japonicus, Chinese yam, Achyranthes, Angelica, Codonopsis, Salvia, Ginseng, Radix Pseudostellariae, Fritillaria, and safflower.
Control method: 1 night to use light to trap adult insects; 2 during the occurrence period with 90% trichlorfon 1000 times liquid or 50 ~ E605 emulsifiable oil 1000 times dilution of water cave; 3 with 25 grams of chlordane cream mixed with fragrant wheat bran 5 kg plus The right amount of water is used as a poison bait, and it is scattered around the plant in the evening to trap.
Hummer: The insects and larvae harm the stems and leaves of the medicinal materials such as Basil, which is seriously harmful in autumn drought. It mainly sucks the juice of the tender stems and leaves and affects the growth. In severe cases, the young stems and leaves are atrophied and dry, and the old leaves are irregularly curled. Finally, the plants gradually dry up and cause the roots to rot.
Control method: 40% dimethoate, or 50% phoxim 1500-fold dilution or 25% imipenem EC 1000 dilution in the onset period, spray once every 20 days, and spray 3 times continuously.
Golden worms: the peaks in spring and autumn, the most serious in spring. Harm the aboveground parts of the plant, feed on the germinating seeds, damage the roots, cause the lack of seedlings, root rot and plant death.
Control method: 250 ml of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, poured into the water hole, 500 kg per acre of liquid medicine.
Turnip in the larvae: occurs in the young plant stage, and the worm is wrapped in silk to damage the stem tip and young leaves.
Control method: 50% dimethoate emulsion 1000 times liquid spray (should be carried out in sunny afternoon), once every 2 days, 3 times in a row.
蟋蟀: From April to May, I often get out of the hole at night, biting off new shoots and sprouts, and causing lack of seedlings in severe cases.
Control method: fill the hole with 800 times liquid of trichlorfon, and then seal the hole with mud. You can also use a small amount of fresh leaves to cover the hole of the trichlorfon powder. The killing effect is very good.
Excerpted from: China Traditional Chinese Medicine News
Locust: It occurs from April to September, and the insects are severe from April to June. It spreads faster before and after the "Lixia", especially in the rainy days. It has many kinds and different shapes. The body color is yellow, green, black, brown, gray, etc. When it is harmful, it gathers on the soft and juicy parts of the leaves and stems, causing the leaves and growth points to curl up, and the growth stops. Turn yellow and dry. There are many medicinal plants that damage mites, and almost all medicinal plants are harmed by them.
Control method: thoroughly remove weeds and reduce their chances of moving in; in the occurrence period, 40% dimethoate 1000 times to 1500 times dilution or cockroach (killing lingen) 1000 times to 1500 times dilution can be used to spray, even Spray several times until it is killed.
Beetle: There are two kinds of cockroaches, such as white mites and wax mites. It usually starts in June every year. After heavy rain, it climbs from the ground and harms the stem. After July, it damages the flower shaft and the petiole; the damage is serious between August and October. The worm body attaches to the stem, the flower shaft, and the small flower shaft to absorb the juice. After the damage, the plant grows poorly, and the small flower is sallow. When it is serious, the dried flower and the small fruit dry and fall off.
Control methods: 1 In the period of pest occurrence, strengthen the inspection, and find that there are worms on the plants to kill the insects by hand; 2 After the insects in the Sanqi Garden, they are diluted 600-800 times in the young age of the scale insects. Liquid spray killing; 3 When the pest occurs seriously, spray the victim plant and the worm body with 1000 times dilution of dichlorvos, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray 3 times continuously.
Earth tiger: also known as silkworm, silkworm, mostly occurs in rainy and humid April to June. The larva feeds on the stems and leaves, biting off the tender stems, causing the lack of seedlings and ridges; when it is slightly larger, it is drilled into the soil, and it comes out at night, biting the roots and seedlings, and destroying the growth of the plants. There are many medicinal plants that are harmful, such as medlar, angelica, atractylodes, platycodon, habitat, and yam.
Control method: manure must be piled at high temperature, fully fertilized and then applied; from the end of March to the beginning of April, weeding off weeds, removing litter, eliminating wintering larvae and cockroaches; using 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate according to the amount of seeds % seed dressing; check the victim seedlings before sunrise, excavate and kill; when the hazard is serious, use 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 700 times solution for hole filling, or spray 90% trichlorfon 600 times solution.
Tianniu: In May, adults were unearthed, and eggs were laid in the epidermis at the upper end of the branches. The larvae first moved in the epidermis, then drilled into the xylem, foraging to the base, and after the autumn, they drilled to the base of the stem or the roots for wintering. After the plant is damaged, it gradually ages and dies, and even dies.
Control method: When the adult is unearthed, inoculate the flower pier with 80% trichlorfon 1000 times solution; in the period of spawning, spray once every 7 days to 10 days, 50% phoxim EC 600 times, or 50% phosphorus amine Emulsified oil 1500 times, several times in a row; found in the branches, cut and burned; stuffed 80% of the dichlorvos immersed cotton into the wormhole, sealed with mud, poisoned the larvae; or inserted a new wormhole with steel wire to assassinate.
Red Spider: The high temperature and dry climate from July to August is beneficial to its breeding; there are many species, small and red, and more concentrated on the back of the plant to absorb juice. The affected leaves are reddish yellow at the beginning, and when the late stage is severe, the whole leaves are dry, and the flowers and young fruits are also affected. The insect has strong fertility and many medicinal plants, such as Sanqi, Angelica, Shengdi, Clam, Safflower, Chuanxiong and so on.
Control method: The occurrence period can be sprayed with 50% chloroform sulfone 1500-fold dilution or 25% chlorpyrifos 200-300 times dilution, or 40% dimethoate 1500-fold dilution.
Hibiscus moth: From early July to early August, the larvae first plucked into the twigs. After a little larger, they turned to the thick branches and the main branches. The branches were often pierced and dark brown around them, causing breakage. The school tree died.
Control method: hang black light to trap adult insects; timely cut off the insect branches, burned intensively; spray with 90% trichlorfon 800 times, once every 7 days, for 3 times.
Heartworm: It is propagated from 4th to 5th generations throughout the year, and it is harmed by larvae drilling into leaves, roots, stems and flower buds of plants; it seriously affects yield and quality.
Control method: In the adult period, choose the windless night to use the light to trap; the egg stage and the larvae are hatched at the end of the plant before using the 90% trichlorfon 500 times or 40% omethoate EC 3000 times.
The thorn moth: also known as itch and spicy, occurs from early June to September, killing the leaves with larvae and biting into holes. The larvae of the early age are grouped, and when the damage is serious, the saplings can be killed. Moths have phototaxis.
Control method: winter and spring to knock on the insects; spray spore content of 10 billion / gram of blue worm powder 500 times solution.
Huang Shougu: Harm the leaves, young shoots and roots. The larva damages the roots in the soil, causing the underground part of the plant to die; the adult bites the leaves and affects growth.
Control method: When the adults lay eggs in May, use 5 kg of chaff and wood chips, mix 0.5 kg of diesel oil, spread around the plants to prevent adult eggs from spawning; artificially kill adult insects in the morning, when the adults are harmful, they can spray 90% of the enemy. Hundreds of 1000 times to 2000 times dilution or 80% dichlorvos 1000 times to 1500 times.
蛴螬: The southern alias is the old female worm, the northern name is the walnut worm, and the adult is called the chafer. Adults and larvae can be harmful, and larvae are the most serious. Larvae are common underground pests, mainly biting roots and underground stems, and also biting on the ground stems. Adults mainly damage the aerial parts. There are many medicinal plants endangered by this insect, such as Ophiopogon japonicus, Chinese yam, Achyranthes, Angelica, Codonopsis, Salvia, Ginseng, Radix Pseudostellariae, Fritillaria, and safflower.
Control method: 1 night to use light to trap adult insects; 2 during the occurrence period with 90% trichlorfon 1000 times liquid or 50 ~ E605 emulsifiable oil 1000 times dilution of water cave; 3 with 25 grams of chlordane cream mixed with fragrant wheat bran 5 kg plus The right amount of water is used as a poison bait, and it is scattered around the plant in the evening to trap.
Hummer: The insects and larvae harm the stems and leaves of the medicinal materials such as Basil, which is seriously harmful in autumn drought. It mainly sucks the juice of the tender stems and leaves and affects the growth. In severe cases, the young stems and leaves are atrophied and dry, and the old leaves are irregularly curled. Finally, the plants gradually dry up and cause the roots to rot.
Control method: 40% dimethoate, or 50% phoxim 1500-fold dilution or 25% imipenem EC 1000 dilution in the onset period, spray once every 20 days, and spray 3 times continuously.
Golden worms: the peaks in spring and autumn, the most serious in spring. Harm the aboveground parts of the plant, feed on the germinating seeds, damage the roots, cause the lack of seedlings, root rot and plant death.
Control method: 250 ml of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, poured into the water hole, 500 kg per acre of liquid medicine.
Turnip in the larvae: occurs in the young plant stage, and the worm is wrapped in silk to damage the stem tip and young leaves.
Control method: 50% dimethoate emulsion 1000 times liquid spray (should be carried out in sunny afternoon), once every 2 days, 3 times in a row.
蟋蟀: From April to May, I often get out of the hole at night, biting off new shoots and sprouts, and causing lack of seedlings in severe cases.
Control method: fill the hole with 800 times liquid of trichlorfon, and then seal the hole with mud. You can also use a small amount of fresh leaves to cover the hole of the trichlorfon powder. The killing effect is very good.
Excerpted from: China Traditional Chinese Medicine News
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