One, tiles
Tile laying, we must pay attention to leave seams, there are now some so-called seamless tiles, in fact, is just a trick. Tile joints are left not only to deal with the problem of incomplete specifications, but the main thing is to reserve space for thermal expansion and contraction. In the past, we may have heard about seamless steel pipes. Nowadays some of the hype for seamless tiles, consumers need to pay attention. Do not say aside decoration, we can see from the physical point of view, this is theoretically impossible to say: the expansion of the seamless steel pipe is 360 degrees outward, so there will be no cracks. Most of the tiles are constructed in a relatively closed space. Taking the wall as an example, generally, the left and right sides and the lower part must be closed with a fixed wall and the floor. If the tiles are processed seamlessly during construction, they expand there when they are expanded. It is obvious that one of the prerequisites for the realization of a seamless tile is that the thermal expansion and contraction rate of the tile is zero. We know that this possibility is zero. What are the consequences of forced seamless processing? Tiles cannot be pushed against the wall by thermal expansion and contraction because the adhesive strength on the back cannot be greater than the force pushing the wall. The result is only the same: the tiles arch.
Unless you have full confidence in the level of workers' construction techniques, try not to use floor tiles larger than 900x900mm in size. Such large bricks are prone to contain a lot of air in the middle of the construction and can easily cause a series of problems in the future.
Tiles left seams, wall 1-2mm is better, some small bricks (100x100mm), in order to look beautiful, but need to be large joints.
Ground seams, in addition to the need to leave a large gap outside the retro brick (5mm-10mm), other bricks generally 3-10mm as well.
For families with elderly people, when choosing materials for the ground, try to use less polished tiles and vitrified tiles that are too slippery. Otherwise, the accident will be worthless.
How the tiles are laid may not be of much use to the owner, but how the acceptance should be understood by the owners. Two words: "flat, straight." First, choose one place (for example, four 600x600 bricks), and use a horizontal ruler to drop diagonally, that is, across two diagonal bricks. See if it is flat. Then measure every two bricks adjacent to each other. If it is flat, the waterdrop in the middle of the ruler should be in the middle. (This method does not apply to the kitchen and the toilet). The last is to see if the corners are straight. If your choice of material is good, this method can determine the level of mason. ]
Second, solid wood flooring
Wooden floor, here specifically refers to the original wooden floor. Raw wood flooring refers to wood products made of different specifications for the laying of the ground. Red oak flooring, gold ivory flooring, maple flooring, teak flooring are all examples of this. On the market, there are two kinds of names: "wood floor" and "solid wood floor".
Wood flooring is based on the specific gravity to determine its hardness, the harder it is, of course, the more wear-resistant. In general, the darker the color, the higher the hardness.
The quality of wood flooring is determined according to the following criteria: 1. Uniform surface, consistent color and less tree tumours (eyes); 2. The specifications must be the same. Wood floor length is generally 750,450,300 and other specifications. I suggest you use 450 wooden floors. This can be a good balance between aesthetics and reducing the length of the long and easy arching. The longer the wooden floor, the easier it is to arch.
For specific instructions on solid wood flooring, please refer to the relevant materials section for detailed instructions.
For the installation method of solid wood flooring, please refer to the chapter "Solid wood floor fire installation method".
Third, composite floor
Composite flooring is a type that has only been imported from foreign countries in recent years. It is also known as a laminate flooring. From the market, mainly Germany and other European countries, but the majority of the current production is in the country. Composite flooring is actually a pure industrial product. For detailed material descriptions of laminate flooring, see the section on plates.
Laminate floor laying generally does not have any special requirements. However, because there is no fixed point in the middle of the composite floor, the large area will cause the problem of overall arching. Therefore, when laying, partitions should be set appropriately, with aluminum/copper bars at the middle to ease the effect of thermal expansion and contraction.
Fourth, stone
Mainly (natural) marble and granite, the author has a detailed description in the material section.
The paving of stone is mostly the same as that of the brick. The construction process can refer to the part of the brick. But also need to pay attention to: stone laying, to ensure that the stone bottom of the cement mortar is adequate, the construction should be light pressure so that the air discharge. If you leave air, the stone will loosen in the future.
In addition to marble and granite that we often see, stone materials that are frequently used in decoration include pebbles, stone and cultural stone (for wall surfaces).
Pebbles are elliptical small stones that have been washed through millions of years in a gentle riverbed. Rainstone is actually a kind of cobblestone. Traditionally, we call the Yuhua Stone with a beautiful pattern texture, which is plain and simple called cobblestone. In the pebbles of a board car, only a few stones can be found, and the relative number is relatively small. The use of pebbles in the decoration has a special kind of reconciliation, perhaps because of its proximity to the country.
Ceiling
The decoration of the ceiling is the first job of the renovation project. From the process point of view, most of the peers will start from the construction of the ceiling. But it is also often overlooked by users and most designers and engineering contractors.
Smallpox (Board), also known as ceiling or top grid. Exercises are called "smallpox" or "ceiling."
The ceiling decoration materials are the main basis for distinguishing the names of smallpox, mainly including: light steel keel plaster ceilings, gypsum board ceilings, splint ceilings, profiled elongated aluminum buckle ceilings, square plated aluminum buckle ceilings, stained glass ceilings, etc. Wait. For ceilings made of aluminum gussets, we usually call "aluminum gusset ceilings". Here we take a look at the characteristics of various ceilings. For specific data, see other sections.
1, light steel keel plaster board ceiling
Gypsum board is made of cooked gypsum as the main raw material mixed with additives and fibers, with light weight, heat insulation, sound absorption, non-combustible and sawability and other properties. Gypsum board and light steel keel (pressed by galvanized sheet steel) combined to form a light steel keel gypsum board. Light steel keel gypsum board ceilings have a variety of types, including gypsum board, decorative gypsum board, fiber gypsum board, hollow gypsum board strips. There are many specifications available on the market. From the current point of view, the use of light steel keel plaster ceilings as a partition wall is used to make smallpox.
2, box ceiling
Mostly used in commercial space, the general use of 600x600 specifications, with the bone and dark bones of the points. Keel often uses aluminum or iron. The main plate can be divided into gypsum board, calcium silicate board and mineral wool board. Gypsum has been described in the previous paragraph. Let's talk about calcium silicate board and mineral wool board.
1) The full name of calcium silicate board is fiber-reinforced calcium silicate board, which is made of siliceous material (diatomaceous earth, bentonite, quartz powder, etc.), calcareous material, reinforcing fiber, etc. as the main raw material, after pulping and blanking. , steam curing, surface sanding and other processes made of lightweight sheet. Calcium silicate board has light weight, high strength, moisture proof, anti-corrosion and fire protection. Another notable feature is that it is easily reprocessed, and it is not reprocessed like plasterboard and it is easy to disintegrate powdery.
2) The mineral wool board is made of slag, which is subjected to high temperature, high pressure, high speed rotation, impurity removal and washing to become mineral wool. The mineral wool board is mainly composed of mineral wool, adhesives, pulp and perlite. The mineral wool board has similar characteristics as the calcium silicate board, but the sound-absorbing performance is superior to the plaster board and the calcium silicate board.
3, splint smallpox
It is commonly used for renovation. The plywood (also called plywood) is made by steaming and softening the logs, cutting large sheets along the annual rings, and drying, arranging, gluing, forming, hot pressing, and sawing. With light material, high strength, good elasticity and toughness, impact resistance and vibration. Easy processing and finishing, insulation and other advantages. Doing ceilings generally use 5 PCT splints. 3% is too thin and easy to arch, 9% too thick. The reason for its popularity is that it can easily create a variety of modeling ceilings, including curved, round, and square.
When the splint ceiling paint is used for some time, it may be lost. The method is to paint the varnish (varnish) before the decoration, and then do other processes after it is dried. Another disadvantage of the splint is that the interface will crack. The solution is to make up the interface with the atomic gray during the renovation. For other properties of wood board, please refer to the sheet section.
4, paint aluminum buckle smallpox
Aluminum buckle plate special-shaped material is mainly divided into strip, square, grid three.
Bar-shaped aluminum gusset ceiling is a kind of long-type aluminum gussets. It is generally applied to walkways and other places, and it helps to reduce the length of the design. Most of the home decoration has no longer use some kinds of materials, mainly not resistant to dirt and easily deformed.
The square aluminum buckle plate is divided into two sizes: 300x300mm and 600x600mm. The former is suitable for places that are easily contaminated, such as kitchens and toilets, while the latter is often used at commercial places such as offices. Is the current mainstream product. The square aluminum plate is the same as the long aluminum plate.
The grid aluminum buckle plate is suitable for the decoration of commercial spaces, balconies and aisles. Specifications are 100x100mm.
Square aluminum buckle plate is also microporous and non-porous two. The main advantage of the microporous aluminum plate is that it can pass moisture, so that moisture in the high humidity areas such as toilets through the pores into the top, to avoid the formation of water marks on the plate surface.
Buy aluminum buckle plate, the most important thing is to check its aluminum thickness. Generally 300x300mm aluminum buckle thickness needs 0.6mm, and 600x600mm aluminum buckle needs 0.8mm, there are some bad businesses like to thicken the paint layer to increase the overall thickness to bully consumers, it is worth attention.
The purchase of aluminum buckle plate, but also beware of someone using stainless steel counterfeit, to verify that it is pure aluminum or impure aluminum or stainless steel, you can use the magnet to verify that the real aluminum material does not absorb magnetism, but the secondary Aluminum or false aluminum can absorb magnetism. However, this method is not a perfect solution because unscrupulous merchants can also use counterfeiting to counterfeit this feature.
6, stained glass ceiling
Stained glass paint is painted directly on the glass, and then barbecue, and then use the light to reflect the beauty of color. Its various patterns can be used for interior lighting. But this material is only used for local decoration, otherwise it is like a Christian church.
The decoration of the ceiling, in addition to material selection, is mainly a question of the proportion of shape and size. The former should be dealt with specifically according to specific conditions, while the latter must be calculated based on ergonomics and aesthetics. From a height point of view, the interior clearance for home renovation should not be less than 2.5 meters. Otherwise, try not to shape the ceiling, and use plaster lined box decoration.
If the decoration is light steel keel plaster ceiling or splint ceiling, paint on the surface. Gypsum powder should be used to seal the joints first, then seal with a seal tape and then the bottom layer, paint.
The construction of the ceiling, no matter what kind of material, should be remembered: Seal! In order to prevent rats and cockroaches from nesting in it.
<<<Links: Renovation advice for small apartment owners below 50 square meters
Hydropower and Air Conditioning
First, the water supply pipeline
For the purchase of pipes for water supply pipes, please read the “Water Supply and Drainage Pipelines†section of this manual. Here is the installation of the content.
Second, power lines
The power line is mainly used for artificial lighting (introduced by another article) and electrical appliances. The following will talk to you about some of the relevant knowledge:
Most of the newly-built house wires are now impossible, and 100% of the renovations that I took are to be re-laid. The general criteria are:
1, the main line with 2.5 square millimeter copper wire;
2, air-conditioning line to use 4 square millimeters, and each air conditioner is to be individually routed;
3, telephone lines, television lines and other signal lines can not be parallel with the wires.
4, the use of protective plastic wire boxes, buried in the wall to use the hose (including pvc tube), the interface must use straight / elbow. If you can not use the hose, you must use a metal hose to protect it.
5, to buy wires, switches, etc. must buy good goods, the only mark is whether it meets national standards. At the time of purchase, the dealer should indicate this.
Flooring Flooring Nature Flooring Paint Glass Decorating Space Decoration Decoration Partition Glass Bricks Marble Tiles Craft Glass Painted Wall Tiles Kitchen Glass Sliding Door Tiles Tiles Tiles Flooring Tiles Balcony Tiles Kitchen Tiles
Exit Sign For Aluminum And Acrylic
The LED exit sign light is specially made from aluminum and acrylic materials, and is also fast dissipating heat, insulating and corrosion resistant. LED emergency lights are illuminated with super bright LEDs to ensure visibility in dark corridors and hallways. In case of an emergency power outage, the exit lane will be illuminated. Exit signs are designed for various types of indoor commercial uses such as hotels, shopping centers, theaters, restaurants and other public places. Any emergency exit signs must have continued reliability. Easy to install and can be hung on the wall or from the ceiling.
Emergency Light Sign,Wall Mounted Exit Sign,Led Emergency Exit Sign,Battery Operated Exit Signs
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