U.S. scientists build new equipment to transform light beams into solids for the development of quantum computers

According to the British "Daily Mail" website recently reported that American scientists have recently built a machine that can use the "entanglement" phenomenon in the field of quantum mechanics to make photons "act" behave like solid particles. The researchers said that the latest research will not only help scientists to further analyze and explore the basic properties of materials, but also help them eventually produce quantum computers.

This technique of changing photon behavior can be used to develop quantum computers


Diagram

Initially, the photons in the experiment flowed unobstructedly between the two superconducting points, producing larger light waves (as shown). After a while, the scientists "frozen" the light by "catching" the photons.

In order to create the latest equipment, the researchers created a structure consisting of superconducting materials containing 100 billion atoms. The scientists used engineering methods to make the 100 billion atoms behave like a single "artificial atom." Later, they placed "artificial atoms" near a superconducting wire made up of photons.

According to the rules of quantum mechanics, photons on wires inherit some properties of "artificial atoms" just as if they were closely connected. In general, photons do not interact with each other, but in the latest systems, researchers have discovered that photons interact in some way like particles, that is, photons have new behaviors.

One of the researchers, Andrew Hulk, assistant professor at Princeton University, said: "This situation is unprecedented. For light, this is a new behavior."

One of the study's authors, Darry Sadri, said: "We use this mixture of photons and atoms to artificially design a strong interaction between photons, which then leads to a new collection of light. The behavior is like crystals. This new behavior of photons may help us to create quantum computers that are computationally intensive and processing capable and operate on the basic principles of quantum mechanics."

The researchers said that this breakthrough is expected to enable scientists to develop novel materials that will increase computing power to levels that existing technologies cannot. In addition, the latest equipment will also be able to flex its muscles in answering questions relating to atoms and molecules. For the current situation, these problems cannot be answered even with today’s most advanced computers.

At present, the working principle of computers is classical mechanics, and the "precepts and deeds" of atoms and photons follow the basic principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics contains many strange and common sense rules, one of which is “entanglement”—multiple particles become interconnected, and even if they are far apart, they can influence each other. Differences between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics make it impossible for standard computers to effectively study quantum systems because computers operate on the principles of classical mechanics and cannot cope with and handle many features in the quantum world.

One of the researchers, Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering, Hakan Trisch said: “We are interested in exploring and eventually controlling and guiding the flow of energy at the atomic scale.”

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